The purpose of this brief paper is to focus on the complex relationship between the dual monarchy and the kingdom of Italy just a short time before World War. In addition to the rivalry on the Adriatic and the in Vienna never changing concern over “irredentismo”, it seems to be clear that the lack of mutual confidence caused the main gap between the two allied powers. Furthermore, the assumptions supporting the renewal of the Triple alliance in 1912 were also the evidence of its weakness and its failure to provide stability in Europe.