The Changing Chemical Climate of the Atmosphere

Area 03 – Scienze chimiche

Proceedings of the First Accent Symposium (Urbino, September 12-16, 2005).

Edited by Sandro Fuzzi and Michela Maione.

Changes in atmospheric composition directly affect many aspects of life, determining climate, air quality and atmospheric inputs to ecosystems. In turn, these changes affect the fundamental necessities for human existence: human health, food production, ecosystem health and water. Atmospheric composition change research is therefore fundamental for the future orientation of Europe’s Sustainable Development strategy. ACCENT, the European Network of Excellence on Atmospheric Composition Change, is funded by the European Commission under 6th Framework Programme in the area Global Change and Ecosystems. ACCENT’s goals are to promote a common European strategy for research on atmospheric composition change, to develop and maintain durable means of communication and collaboration within the European scientific community, to facilitate this research and to optimise two-way interaction with policy-makers and the general public. This volume collects the scientific contributions to the First ACCENT Symposium which was held in Urbino from 12 to 16 September 2005.


SUMMARY

Keynote presentation: SATELLITE VIEW OF SMOKE, POLLUTION & DUST AEROSOLS EFFECT ON CLOUDS, RAIN, CLIMATE AND HEALTH (Yoram J. Kaufman, Gian Paolo Gobbi)

Invited presentation: CHALLENGES IN MODELING AND MEASUREMENT FOR UNDERSTANDING THE EARTH’S CLIMATE SYSTEM (Philip Rasch)


Aerosols: air quality and climate

Invited presentation: PARTICLES OF HUMAN ORIGIN EXTINGUISH NATURAL SOLAR IRRADIANCE IN THE CLIMATE SYSTEM – SECONDARY AEROSOLS AND NATURAL VERSUS ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACTS (Maria Kanakidou and the PHOENICS Consortium)

AEROSOL PARTICLES – AN ATMOSPHERIC AGENT COUPLING THE COMPONENTS OF THE EARTH SYSTEM (Johann Feichter, Stefan Kinne, Silvia Kloster, Johannes Quaas, Erich Roeckner, Ulrike Lohmann)

AEROSOL MODELING AT REGIONAL SCALE AN OVERVIEW OF THE CHIMERE MODEL PERFORMANCES (Alma Hodzic, Robert Vautard, Laurent Menut, Bertrand Bessagnet, Patrick Chazette, Helene Chepfe, Philippe Goloub)

SEASONAL VARIATION OF MARINE AEROSOL PROPERTIES OVER THE NORTH ATLANTIC (Fabrizia Cavalli, Cristina Facchini, Stefano Decesari, Michaela Mircea, Lorenza Emblico, Sandro Fuzzi, Darius Ceburnis, Jun Yoon Young, Gerard Jennings, Colin O’Dowd, Jean-Philippe Putaud)

MODELING THE EFFECT OF AEROSOL COMPOSITION ON WARM CLOUD ACTIVATION: INITIAL MODEL INTERCOMPARISON RESULTS (Gordon McFiggans, David Topping, Mihaela Mircea, Cristina Facchini, Harri Kokkola, Riikka Sorjamaa, Ari Laaksonen, Robert Flanagan, Saji Varghese, Colin O’Dowd, Kornélia Imre, Gyula Kiss, Ulrike Lohmann, Geert-Jan Roelofs)

RESULTS FROM THE AEROSOL GLOBAL MODEL INTERCOMPARISON PROJECT AEROCOM (Christiane Textor, Michael Schulz, Stefan Kinne, Sarah Guibert)


Biosphere-atmosphere exchange of pollutants

ISOPRENOID EMISSION FROM VEGETATION (Francesco Loreto)

ISOPRENOID FLUXES OF NORWAY SPRUCE FORESTS IN EUROPE: RESULTS FROM FIELD AND MODELING STUDIES IN GERMANY AND FINLAND (Rainer Steinbrecher, Martin Graus, Wolfgang Grabmer, Armin Hansel, Armin Wisthaler, Christian Lindinger, Otto Klemm, Renate Forkel, Karin Hauff, Matthias Klauer, Andreas Pfichner, Bernhard Rappenglück, Gerhard Smiatek, Dominik Steigner)

OZONE STOMATAL FLUX DETERMINATION: CRITICALLY COMPARING DIFFERENT APPROACHES. A CASE STUDY ON ALLIUM CEPA (Giacomo Gerosa, Federico Derghi, Angelo Finco, Riccardo Marzuoli, Stanislaw Cieslik, Antonio Ballarin Denti)

LAND ATMOSPHERE EXCHANGE OF NITROGEN SPECIES IN EUROPE (M.A. Sutton, E. Nemitz, J.W. Erisman, C. Beier, K. Butterbach Bahl, P. Cellier, W. de Vries, F.Cotrufo, U. Skiba, A. Hensen, A. Bleeker, P. Laville, B. Loubet, J.F. Soussana, M. Twigg, D. Famulari, J. Whitehead, M.W. Gallagher, P.L. Calanca, Y.S. Tang, C. Campbell, J.E. Olsesen, U. Dragosits, M.R.Theobald, N. Viovy, N. Vuichard, J.U. Smith, P.E. Smith, P. Levy, D. Mobbs, R. Milne, D.Fowler)

Transport and transformation of pollutants

Invited presentation: OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE EXCHANGE:TRANSFORMATIONS AND IMPACT OF REACTIVE HALOGEN SPECIES (Lucy J. Carpenter, Carl J. Palmer, Roland von Glasow, William J. Bloss, Gordon, B. McFiggans, Frithjof C. Küpper)

THOR – AN OPERATIONAL AND INTEGRATED MODEL SYSTEM FOR AIR POLLUTION FORECASTING, MANAGEMENT AND ASSESSMENT FROM GLOBAL TO LOCAL SCALE (Jørgen Brandt, Jesper Christensen, Lise Marie Frohn, Ruwim Berkowicz, Carsten Ambelas Skjøth, Camilla Geels, Kaj Mantzius Hansen, Jan Frydendall, Gitte Brandt Hedegaard, Ole Hertel, Steen Solvang Jensen, Martin Hvidberg, Matthias Ketzel, Helge Rørdam Olesen, Per Løfstrøm, Zahari Zlatev, Mikael Skou Andersen)

PRELIMINARY RESULTS FROM THE USE OF MM5-CMAQ SYSTEM FOR ESTIMATION OF POLLUTION LEVELS IN SOUTHEAST EUROPE (Dimiter Syrakov, Maria Prodanova, Zahari Zlatev, Kiril Slavov, Kostadin Ganev, Nikolaj Miloshev, Evelina Nikolova)

STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS FOR SOME INITIATION AND DEGRADATION PATHWAYS (Luc Vereecken, Jozef Peeters, Sabine Vandenberk, Veerle Pultau, Werner Boullart, Jan Van Hoeymissen, Gaia Fantechi)

CHANGES IN UTLS OZONE BETWEEN THE LATE 1970S AND THE 1990S DEDUCED FROM AIRCRAFT MEASUREMENTS OF GASP AND MOZAIC (Christina Schnadt, Johannes Staehelin, Dominik Brunner, Valérie Thouret)



Atmospheric sustainability

Invited presentation: TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A NEW HORIZON FOR INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT MODELING (Rob Maas)

HYCARE HYDROGEN ENERGY:CHANCES AND RISKS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT (Martin G. Schultz)

CTM STUDIES OF CHANGES IN HYDROXYL DISTRIBUTION 1990-2001 AND ITS IMPACT ON METHANE (Stig B. Dalsøren, Ivar S.A. Isaksen)



Training and education – T&E

ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION CHANGE IS FUN: LEARNING AND TEACHING WITHIN A NETWORK OF EXCELLENCE (Evi Schuepbach, Asbjørn Aarflot, Silvio Borella, Mark Jacob, Michael J. Kobernus, Nikos Moussiopoulos, Arnolds Ubelis)

Calibration, co-ordination and synthesis of models from global to local scales

ON THE SULPHUR POLLUTION OVER SOUTHEAST EUROPE FOR THE PERIOD 1995–2000 (Hristo Chervenkov, Dimiter Syrakov, Maria Prodanova)

MODEL ASSESSMENT OF OZONE CHANGE AND RADIATIVE FORCING (Michael Gauss, Gunnar Myhre, Ivar Isaksen, Bill Collins, Frank Dentener, Kjerstin Ellingsen, Volker Grewe, Didier Hauglustaine, Daniela Iachetti, Jean-Francois Lamarque, Eva Mancini, Giovanni Pitari, Michael Prather, John Pyle, Michael Sanderson, David Stevenson, Kengo Sudo, Sophie Szopa, Oliver Wild, Guang Zeng)

METEOROLOGICAL SIMULATIONS OVER THE GREATER ATHENS AREA USING MM5 AND MEMO MESOSCALE MODELS (Nicolas Moussiopoulos, John Douros, George Tsegas, Evangelia Fragkou, Anabela Carvalho, Noel Aquilina, Carlos Borrego)

THE INTEGRATED PROJECT QUANTIFY:QUANTIFYING THE CLIMATE IMPACT OF GLOBAL AND EUROPEAN TRANSPORT SYSTEMS (Robert Sausen, Nikolai Dotzek)

MULTI-MODEL ENSEMBLE SIMULATIONS OF PRESENT-DAY AND NEAR-FUTURE TROPOSPHERIC OZONE (David S. Stevenson, F.J. Dentener, M.G. Schultz, K. Ellingsen, T.P.C. van Noije, O. Wild, G. Zeng, M. Amann, C.S. Atherton, N. Bell, D.J. Bergmann, I. Bey, T. Butler, J. Cofala,W.J. Collins, R.G. Derwent, R.M. Doherty, J. Drevet, H.J. Eskes, A.M. Fiore, M. Gauss, D.A. Hauglustaine, L.W. Horowitz, I.S.A. Isaksen, M.C. Krol, J.-F. Lamarque, M.G. Lawrence, V. Montanaro, J.-F. Müller, G. Pitari, M.J. Prather, J.A. Pyle, S. Rast, J.M. Rodriguez, M.G. Sanderson, N.H. Savage, D.T. Shindell, S.E. Strahan, K. Sudo, S. Szopa)



Access to emission databases

EUROPEAN EMISSION ESTIMATES OF HALOGENATED GREENHOUSE GASES FROM CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENTS AT JUNGFRAUJOCH, SWITZERLAND (Stefan Reimann, Doris Folini, Martin K.Vollmer, Sandy Ubl, Brigitte Buchmann, Konrad Stemmler, Simon O’Doherty



Access to laboratory data

PHOTOENHANCED UPTAKE OF NO2 ON MINERAL DUST (Christian George, Marieme Ndour, Yves Balanski, Oumar Ka

LABORATORY KINETIC AND MECHANISTIC DATA FOR THE ATMOSPHERIC OXIDATION OF UNSATURATED OXYGENATED VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (UOVOCs): A CONTRIBUTION TO A DATA BASE ON OVOCS (Georges Le Bras, Wahid Mellouki)



Access to remote sensing of atmospheric constituents from space

Invited presentation: MEASUREMENTS OF TROPOSPHERIC CONSTITUENTS FROM SPACE USING UV/VISIBLE ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY – AN OVERVIEW (Andreas Richter, Steffen Beirle, Folkert Boersma, Henk Eskes, Isabelle De Smedt, Andreas Heckel, Lars Kaleschke, Michel van Roozendael, Nicolas Theys, Thomas Wagner, Folkard Wittrock)

METHANE, CARBON DIOXIDE AND CARBON MONOXIDE RETRIEVED FROM SCIAMACHY BY WFM-DOAS (M. Buchwitz, R. de Beek, J.P. Burrows, C. Frankenberg, A.M.S. Gloudemans)

VALIDATION STRATEGIES FOR TROPOSPHERIC SATELLITE DATA PRODUCTS (Ankie Piters, Ellen Brinksma, Miranda van den Broek, Bart Dils, Bo Galle, Louisa Kramer, Mark Kroon, Emmanuel Mahieu, Johan Mellqvist, Paul S. Monks, Justus Notholt, Yvan Orsolini, Andrea Petritoli, Daniel Schaub, Ralf Sussmann, Arnolds Ubelis)

INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY AND SENSITIVITY OF TROPOSPHERIC OZONE AND ITS PRECURSORS INVESTIGATED USING MODELLING AND SATELLITE DATA A CONTRIBUTION TO ACCENT-AT2 (Nicholas H Savage, John A. Pyle, Folkard Wittrock, Andreas Richter, Hendrik Nüß, John P. Burrows, Martin G. Schultz, Tinus Pulles,Maarten van het Bolscher)

GLOBAL TRENDS OF WATER VAPOR AND CLOUD COVER (1996-2002) OBSERVED BY THE SATELLITE INSTRUMENT GOME ON ERS-2 (Thomas Wagner, Steffen Beirle, Michael Grzegorski, Ulrich Platt)



Quality assurance of atmospheric measurements

INTERCOMPARISON OF THE DOAS AND THE LOPAP TECHNIQUES FOR THE DETECTION OF NITROUS ACID (HONO) IN THE ATMOSPHERE (Jörg Kleffmann, Jutta Lörzer, Peter Wiesen, Sebastian Trick, Milagros Rodenas, Klaus Wirtz)



Sandro Fuzzi, Coordinator of ACCENT, is Research Director at the Institute for Atmospheric Sciences and Climate of the Italian National Research Council and Head of the Research Group “Atmospheric Chemistry”. His main research interest is in the physical and chemical processes in multiphase atmospheric systems (aerosols and clouds) and their effects on atmospheric composition change and climate. He has coordinated several atmospheric chemistry international projects and is/has been member of several international committees and Panels: Commission on Atmospheric Chemistry and Global Pollution, Science Panel of the European Commission on Atmospheric Composition Change, Scientific Steering Committee of the EUREKA project EUROTRAC, International Commission on Clouds and Precipitation, and is presently Co-Chair of the International Global Atmospheric Chemistry Project.

Michela Maione, Executive Secretary of ACCENT, is Associate Professor in Environmental Chemistry at the University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies. Her main research interest is in the study of anthropogenic organic gases responsible for global change issues, like stratospheric ozone depletion and global warming. She has been involved in several national and international projects dealing with changes of the atmospheric gas phase composition.

SINTESI